Introduction and spread of invasive non-indigenous species (NIS) is recognized as one of the greatest threats to
global biodiversity. Invasive NIS also cause up to $1.4 trillion annually in global damage and control costs. In
Canada, the Great Lakes have sustained invasions by at least 185 NIS, while a further 112 and 76 NIS have
established on the east and west coasts, respectively. We are uncertain how many NIS exist in Arctic ports
because surveys have never been completed. The Canadian government has been ramping up its capabilities on
NIS in response to three critical reports by the Auditor General, however a number of critical gaps remain. The
NSERC Network on Aquatic Invasive Species (NAIS) will address these gaps by conducting a coordinated set
of comprehensive studies directed at four research themes pertaining to aquatic NIS: i) early detection
strategies; ii) rapid response strategies; iii) AIS as part of multiple stressors affecting aquatic ecosystems; and
iv) reducing uncertainty in prediction and management. Our projects will be conducted in aquatic ecosystems
across Canada, including the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and Strait of Georgia, St. Lawrence, St. Clair and Red
Rivers, Laurentian Great Lakes, mountain lakes in Alberta, and ports across the Canadian Arctic. Projects will
be conducted in conjunction with partners from the shipping industry, from federal and provincial
governments, and NGO partners. NAIS will provide, for the first time, a comprehensive profile of aquatic NIS
established in waters spanning the entire country, and develop tools that can be used for early detection of and
rapid response to invaders. We also will assist managers with critical decision making regarding if, when and
where mitigation measures should be implemented to eradicate, control, or stop spread of aquatic AIS. The
network will prepare Canada for commercial shipping through Arctic waters in conjunction with climate
warming. NAIS will train a large group of young Canadians to provide future leadership such that the number
of new NIS that establish in Canada is reduced. NAIS also will contribute to policy and educational reforms in
Canada based upon review and analysis of on-going programs here and in countries world-wide.